Medico Research Chronicles

Role of Iron Deficiency Anaemia as A Risk Factor for Wheeze Associated Respiratory Tract Infection in Children

Be-Nazir Ahmmad — 2023-03-24

Introduction: Acute lower respiratory tract infections form a major portion of early childhood illnesses and infections. Iron deficiency anemia is an independent risk factor for lower respiratory tract infections (LRTI), however may also play an important role in wheeze associated respiratory tract infections. Wheezing is common in children with cumulative prevalence of almost 50% by the age of 6 yrs. Objective: To assess the role of iron deficiency anemia as a risk factor for wheeze associated respiratory tract infection in children. Methods: This case control study was conducted at Department of Pediatrics, Rajshahi Medical College Hospital, Rajshahi, Bangladesh from January to June 2022. Total 60 patients from both groups were included in our study. Among children six months to five years and having ≥2 episodes of wheeze associated respiratory tract infections. The clinical presentation and laboratory profile were recorded on a predesignated proforma. Iron deficiency anemia was diagnosed by hemoglobin <11.0 gm%, serum ferritin<12 ng/ml and RDW>15%. The statistical analysis was done using SPSS, Version 21. Results: A total of 60 children were enrolled in the study, of which 30 were cases and 30 were matched controls. Majority of subjects in both groups were male (n=19;63.3%), with male to female ratio of 1.6:1. On clinical evaluation of the cases, pallor was observed in 17 (56.7%) cases, mild to moderate respiratory distress was observed in 8 (26.7%), chest in drawing in 7 (23.3%), audible wheeze on inspiration in 3 (10%), presence of rhonchi in 2 (6.7%), hyper resonant note on percussion in 6.7% and bilateral wheeze in 27 (90%) cases. Proportion of cases with iron deficiency anemia were higher among cases (33.3%) as compared to controls (23.3%) but the difference between two groups was not significant statistically (p=0.373) despite having higher risk (OR=1.49;95% CI=0.62-3.59). Mean monocyte, eosinophil and absolute eosinophil count was found to be significantly higher in cases as compared to controls (p<0.05). Conclusion: The present study does not suggest a possible linkage between iron deficiency anemia and wheeze associated respiratory infection, however its role as causative factor needs to be explored through long-term prospective and intervention studies on a large population.

Incidence and Predictors of Nasopharyngeal Airway to Facilitate Nasotracheal Intubation

Mohammad Rezaul Karim — 2023-03-15

Background: Nasotracheal intubation is the most frequent approach of airway management in oral and maxillofacial surgical procedure. However, many times, it is related to ensuing bleeding from trauma to nasopharyngeal mucosa. This study was done to determine how effectively nasopharyngeal airways (NPAs) performed at making nasopharyngeal insertion simple and minimize trauma during nasotracheal intubation. Objectives: The aim of this study is to determine the incidence and predictors of nasopharyngeal airway to facilitate nasotracheal intubation. Methods: This study was carried out in the Anaesthesiology Department of Dhaka Dental College and Hospital. The subjects of the study were the patients who underwent maxillofacial surgery and required nasotracheal intubation. Nasotracheal intubation was done on 900 patients during the study period from January 2022 to December 2022. Results: The majority of patients 891(99.0%) had successful nasotracheal intubation. The patients in this study ranged in age from 10 to 60 years old and the majority were male 685(76.1%). A small percentage of patients reported postoperative complications such as runny nose 12 (1.3%), epistaxis or nasal bleeding 10(1.2%), nasal trauma or pain 12(1.3%), inflammation or ulceration of the nose with full recovery 6(0.6%), and sinusitis 10(1.2%) among individuals. For atraumatic nasotracheal intubation, nasal cavity dilatation with nasopharyngeal airways was useful. Conclusions: Dilatation of nasal cavity with nasopharyngeal airways (NPAs) extensively eases the insertion of endotracheal tube (ETT) into the nasopharynx and significantly decreases the incidence and severity of trauma and bleeding during nasotracheal intubation.

Incidence of Anastomotic Bleeding, Anastomotic Leakage, SSI and Operative Time Following Linear Cutting Stapling Device Gastro-Jejunostomy

Shifat Tanjila — 2023-03-16

Background: The condition known as gastric cancer (GC) is complex and complicated. In both rich and developing nations, it poses a threat to people's physical and psychological well-being and places a heavy financial and health cost on society.

Objective: The aim of the study was to evaluate the Incidence and risk factors of anastomotic bleeding, anastomotic leakage, SSI and operative time following linear cutting stapling device gastro-jejunostomy.

Methodology: The study was a Prospective observational study which was conducted in Department of Surgery, Dhaka Medical college & Hospital, over Six months’ period after approval of protocol using a semi-structured questionnaire through face to face interview. Data were analyzed using a computer programme SPSS 23.0 version.

Results: Total 40 patients were enrolled in this study with the mean age of 57.45±7.04 years and 65% were male. The overall mean BMI of the patients was 21.94±1.61 kg/m^2.Among all the respondents 25% had comorbidity. among all the study participants 85% Tumor location was in middle and 47.5% had T1a stage followed by T1b (40%), T2 (7.5%) and T3 (5%) further 90% had N0 stage followed by N2 (5%) and N3 (5%). The mean operation time was 24.6±2.9 minutes with the incidence of anastomotic hemorrhage was 5%, Anastomotic leak 5% and fortunately no SSI had occurred.

Conclusion: This study concluded that the ease and speed with which surgical staplers may be used make them the favored choice.

Clinical Outcome of Alloantibody in Thalassemia Patient

Shayma Hamid — 2023-03-16

Background: Thalassemia is a common hemoglobin ailment in Bangladesh and one of the major public health complications. Although blood transfusions are lifesavers for thalassemia patients, they may be associated with some complications especially erythrocyte alloimmunization. The development of alloantibodies may complicate the management of patients with thalassemia. An extended antigenic matching may decrease the risk of alloimmunization.

Objective: The aim of the study was to evaluate the outcome of alloantibody in thalassemia patient.

Methods: This is an observational study. This study was carried out on 105 population including male and female patients in the Department of Transfusion Medicine, Bangabandhu Sheikh Mujib Medical University, Chittagong Medical College Hospital and MH Samorita Hospital & Medical College, Bangladesh. The duration of the period from January 2022 to December 2022. The period from Data was entered in MS Excel and Statistical analysis was done using SPSS-24.

Results: The total study population was 105 patients aged 10 – 30 years, 49(46.67%) were ≤10 years, 19(18.09%) were 11-19 years, 20(19.04%) were 20-29 years and 17(16.19%) were ≥30years. And sex distribution of the population where, 28(26.66%) were male and 77(73.33%) were Female.

Conclusion: Thalassemia patients may benefit from receiving red blood cells (RBC) transfusions based on extended antigen matching as demonstrated by the lack of new alloantibodies. There is relatively high rate of alloimmunization in the patients and red cell alloimmunization should not be overlooked in patients receiving regular blood transfusions.

Efficacy and Safety of Omega 3 Fatty Acid in the Treatment of Telogen Effluvium in Middle Aged Women

Nasrin Sultana — 2023-03-16

Background: Omega-3 fatty acids (omega-3 FA) are constituents of the membranes of all cells in the body and are precursors of locally produced hormones, eicosanoids, which are important in the prevention and treatment of various diseases, especially in women. Telogen effluvium (TE) is one of the most common causes of diffuse non scarring hair loss. In its acute form, it generates a lot of anxiety in the patient, which can be significantly allayed with a confident diagnosis. Objectives: The aim of this study is to assess the Efficacy and safety level of omega 3 fatty acid in the treatment of telogen effluvium in middle aged women. Methods: This is an observational study. This study was carried out on 120 female patients attended in the Department of Dermatology, Shaheed Ziaur Rahman Medical College Hospital, Bogura, Bangladesh. The duration of the study period from January 2021 to December 2021. The period from Data was entered in MS Excel and Statistical analysis was done using SPSS-24. Results: A total of 120 patients, were evaluated prospectively. The baseline characteristics of women (Control) age, BMI, Telogen hair were 45.3±14.3, 19.8±2.5, 21.1±3.4. And (with supplement age, BMI, telogen hair were 47.6±10.2, 20.9±2.3, 20±4.1) Conclusion: Telogen effluvium, which commonly impacts women, begins suddenly with or without a recognizable initiating factor. It may be distinguished from traditional acute telogen effluvium by using its long fluctuating course.