HISTOPATHOLOGICAL STUDY OF CERVICAL CANCER SPECIMEN AT THE UNIVERSITY OF CALABAR TEACHING HOSPITAL, CALABAR
Keywords:
Cancer, adenocarcinoma, prevalence, keratinizing, sections
Abstract
Background: Cervical cancer is the second commonest malignancy in females worldwide with variation in incidence and mortality from country to country. However, there is a huge burden of the disease in sub-Saharan Africa.
Aims/Objectives: The aim of this study is to do a histopathological study of cervical cancer specimens at the University of Calabar Teaching Hospital, Calabar.
Methodology: The study design is a prevalence study on archival specimens. The cervical cancer cases diagnosed between 2009 and 2014 was identified. The paraffin-embedded tissue blocks of cervical cancer were selected.
Results: There was 123 sample analyzed in this study. The age range of the subjects is 31 to 75years. The median age of the subjects is 48.59±10.61.
Conclusion: Cervical cancer is a huge source of concern in our society constituting a big public health challenge. With recent advances in medical science, prevention through an organized cervical cancer screening programme and vaccination against high-risk human papillomavirus would go a long way to nip this problem on the board.
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References
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33. Chan PKS, Chang AR, Yu MY, Li W, Chan MYM, Yeung ACM et al. Age distribution of human papillomavirus infection and cervical neoplasia reflects caveat of cervical screening policies. Int. J. Cancer 2009; 126: 297 – 301.
34. Bruni L , Barrionuevo-Rosas L, Albero G, Aldea M, Serrano B, Valencia Set al. ICO Information Centre on HPV and Cancer (HPV Information Centre). Human Papillomavirus and Related Diseases in the World. Summary Report 2014: p. 12-18.
2. Ellenson LH, Pirong EC. Cervix: Premalignant and malignant neoplasm. In: Kumar V, Abbas AK, Fausto N, Aster JC (editors) Pathologic basis of disease. 8th edition. Philadelphia: Elsevier 2010; 1018-1024.
3. Gopal KS, Romuladus EA, Mohammad S. Global inequalities in cervical cancer incidence and mortality are linked to deprivation, low socioeconomic status, and human development. International Journal of MCH and AIDS 2012; 1(1):17-30.
4. Latest world cancer statistics, the international agency for research on cancer, world health organization: pages1-2 available from http://www.iarc.frlenmedia- centre/pr/2013/pdf/pr223_E.pdf ( cited on 22/03/14).
5. Xavier C. Natural history and epidemiology of HPV infection and cervical cancer. Gynaecol Oncol 2008; 110 (3): 2.
6. Jedy-Agba EE, Curado M, Oga E, Modupeola O, Samaila C, Ezeome ER et al. The role of hospital-based cancer registries in low and middle-income countries— The Nigerian Case Study. Cancer Epidemiology 2012; 36(5):430- 5.http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.canep.2012. 05.010 (cited on 23/03/14).
7. Arbyn M, Aboyegi PA, Buhari MO. Worldwide burden of cervical cancer in 2008, Annals of Oncol 2011: 22: 2675-2685. doi:10.1093/annonc/mdr015 (cited
on 12/02/ 14).
8. Jedy-Agba E, Curado MP, Ogunbiyi O, Oga E, Fabowale T, Igbinoba F et al. Cancer incidence in Nigeria, a report from population-based cancer registries, cancerepidemiol 2012; 36(5): 271-8. doi:10.1016/J.canep.2012.04.007. Epub2012 may 22 (cited on 18/02/14).
9. Witkiewicz AK, Wright TC, Ferenczy A, Ronnett BM, Kuman RJ. Carcinoma and other tumors of the cervix In Kuman RJ, Ellenson LH, Ronnet BM. Blaustein pathology of female genital tract. Sixth edition. New York: Springer Science + Business media 2011; 194-306.
10. Jennifer SM. Age-specific prevalence of infection with Human papillomavirus in females: A Global Review, Journal of Adolescence Health 2008; 43 (4): 1 – 62.
11. Chirenje ZM, Rusakaniko S, Akino V. A review of cervical cancer patient presenting in Harare and Parirenyatwa hospitals in 1998. Central Afr J Med 2000; 46 (10): 264-7.
12. Oguntayo OA, Zayyan M, Kolawole AOD, Adewuyi SA, Ismail H, Koledade K et al. Cancer of the cervix in Zaria, northern Nigeria. Ecancermedicalscience 2011; 5: 219-221.
13. Thomas JO, Herrero R, Omigbodun AA, Ojemakinde K, Ajayi IO, Fawole A et al. Prevalence of papillomavirus infection in women in Ibadan population-based study, Br J of Cancer 2004; 90(3): 638- 645.
14. Ekanem IA, Ekpo MD, Perera ACP, Khalil MI, Attah EB. Female Genital Malignancies in South-Eastern Nigeria: Ten – Year histopathological analysis with special emphasis on cervical cancer In Kisekka M N (editor) Women's health issues in Nigeria. Tamaza Publishing Company Limited. 1992; Chapter 5: 41- 49.
15. Omotoso AJ, Agan UT, Bassey IE, Ebughe GA, Ekanem IA, Ekanem AD. Cervical cancer in Calabar, Nigeria. Journal of Hainan Medical College 2010; 16(1) 28-30.
16. Pindiga UH, El-Nafaty, Ekanem IA. Female genital malignancies in Maiduguri, Nigeria: A review of 328 Cases. Tropical Journal of Obstetrics and Gynaecology 1999; 16: 52-56.
17. Mohammed A, Ahmed SA, Oluwole OP, Avidine S. Malignant Tumours Of The Female Genital Tract in Zaria, Nigeria: Analysis of 513 Cases, Ann of Afr Med 2006; 5(2): 93-96.
18. Sankaranarayanan R, Rajkumar R, Budukh AM. An effective screening programme for cervical cancer in low and middle-income developing countries, Bulletin of the World Health Organization 2001; 79(10): 953 – 962.
19. Wabinga HR, Parkin DM. Trends in cancer incidence in Kyadondo county, Uganda, 1960-1997, Br J of Cancer 2000; 82: 1585-1592.
20. Denny L, Anorlu R. Cervical cancer in Africa. Cancer Epidemiol Biom and Prev 2012; 21(9): 1434-1438.
21. Hopenhayn C, King JB, Christian A, Huang B, Christian WJ. Variability of cervical cancer rate across 5 appalachian states. Cancer 2008; 113(10): 2974- 2980.
22. Pikor LA, Enfield KSS, Cameron H, Lam WL. DNA Extraction from Paraffin-Embedded Material for Genetic and Epigenetic Study. J Vis Exp 2011; 49: 2763 – 2768, Doi 10. 3791/2763.
23. Sule ST, Shehu MS. Cervical cancer management in Zaria, Nigeria. Afr J Health Sci. 2007; 14: 149 -153.
24. Ndlovu N, Kambarami R. Factors associated with tumor stage at presentation in invasive cervical cancer. Cent Afr J Med 2003; 49(9-10): 107-11.
25. Badar F, Anwar N, Meerza F, Sultan F. Cervical carcinoma in a muslim community. Asian Pac J Cancer Prev. 2007; 8(1): 24-6.
26. KrennHrubec K, Mrad K, Sriha B, Ayed F B, Boltalico DM, Ostolaza J et al. HPV Types and Variants Among Cervical Cancer Tumours in Three Regions of Tunisia. J Med Virol. 2011; 83(4): 651-57
27. Rashed MM, Bekele A. Prevalence, and Pattern of HPV-16 immunostaining in uterine cervical carcinoma in Ethiopian Women. A pilot study. Pamj 2011; 22: 462-4.
28. Ijaiya MA, Aboyeji PA, Buhari MO. Cancer of the Cervix in Ilorin, Nigeria. West Afr J Med 2004; 23(4): 319-22.
29. Mushosho EY, Ndlovu N, Engel-Hills P, Wyrley – Birch B. Presentation patterns of invasive cervical cancer of the cervix. Parirenyatwa Oncology and Radiotherapy Centre, Harare, Zimbabwe 2010: 57(12): 43-9.
30. Der EM, Adu- Bonsaffoh K, Tettey Y, Kwame – Aryee RA, Seffah JD, Alidu H et al. Clinicopathological characteristics of cervical cancer in Ghanian Women. J. med.biomedical sci. 2014; 3(3). Available through: www. ajol.info/index.php/jmbs/article/view/11 1283. Accessed on 15/1/2016.
31. Okolo C, Franceschi S, Adewole I, Thomas JO, Follen M. Human papillomavirus infection in women with and without cervical cancer in Ibadan, Nigeria. Infectious Agents and Cancer 2000; 5(1): 24-25.
32. Fadahunsi OO, Omoniyi- Esan GO, Banjo AAF, Esimai OA, Osiagwu D, Clement F et al. Prevalence Of High- Risk Oncogenic Human Papillomavirus Types in Cervical Smears of Women Attending Well Woman Clinic in Ile Ife, Gynaecol Obstet 2013; 3: 185-197. doi:10.4172/2161-0932.1000185
33. Chan PKS, Chang AR, Yu MY, Li W, Chan MYM, Yeung ACM et al. Age distribution of human papillomavirus infection and cervical neoplasia reflects caveat of cervical screening policies. Int. J. Cancer 2009; 126: 297 – 301.
34. Bruni L , Barrionuevo-Rosas L, Albero G, Aldea M, Serrano B, Valencia Set al. ICO Information Centre on HPV and Cancer (HPV Information Centre). Human Papillomavirus and Related Diseases in the World. Summary Report 2014: p. 12-18.
How to Cite
1.
Godstime I. Irabor, Ayodele J. Omotoso, Edoise M. Isiwele, Martin Nnoli A, Kenneth A. Omoruyi. HISTOPATHOLOGICAL STUDY OF CERVICAL CANCER SPECIMEN AT THE UNIVERSITY OF CALABAR TEACHING HOSPITAL, CALABAR. Med. res. chronicles [Internet]. 2020Jul.29 [cited 2024May3];4(06):582-90. Available from: https://medrech.com/index.php/medrech/article/view/279
Section
Original Research Article
